Exam Life

Meet Henry Fischel, the “Man Who Invented Exams” (Spoiler: He Didn’t)

6 min read October 14, 2026

If you’ve ever sat in an exam hall staring at the paper like, “God, abeg who send me school?”, then you’ve probably cursed the man who invented exams. And if you’ve ever Googled him, one name keeps showing up: Henry Fischel.

People say he’s the reason you drink three cups of coffee at 2 AM, praying your brain will download the entire textbook before morning. Because of Henry, the story goes, we have carryovers, extra years, and those nights when your heart beats louder than your invigilator’s footsteps.

There’s just one small problem: Henry didn’t invent exams. Stay with me, because the real story is older, bigger and, honestly, more painful for students.

A student studying late at night with a cup of coffee

If exams had a voice, they’d say: “I’m here to humble you.” Because tell me why you will read all night, memorize 50 pages, and the first question will greet you like:

“Define and explain the concept of…” – and you’re just there like, “Concept of what?!”

Just picture Chinedu, a typical Nigerian student. Exam is by 8 AM, but by 2:30 AM, my guy is still awake, drinking his fourth cup of coffee. His table is full of handouts, past questions and empty noodles packs. He checks his phone and sees his classmates posting motivational quotes on WhatsApp:

“We move!”

Meanwhile, he hasn’t moved past page 5.

Fast-forward to the hall. Question 1 says:

“Discuss the evolution of the theory you ignored during lectures.”

At that point, Chinedu looks at his biro like, “Oga, today we die together.” We’ve all been Chinedu at some point.

So who really started this wahala?

Type “who invented exams” into Google and Henry Fischel’s name pops up on a lot of websites, usually as the man who wanted education to be fair for everyone. But those pages can’t even agree on who he was, and we could not find any reliable history that backs the claim up. Exams are far older than any one man.

Here is what historians actually point to:

605 AD

China: the imperial exams

Historians usually trace the idea of standardized exams to China’s imperial examinations, known as keju, which began under the Sui dynasty. The goal: choose government officials by what they knew, not who they knew.

1200s

Europe: stand up and defend yourself

Universities like Bologna tested students, but mostly orally. You stood in front of examiners and defended what you knew. Dates like 1215 and 1219 are usually given.

1702

Cambridge: pen meets paper

Trinity College, Cambridge is often cited for early written exams in Europe, though historians still argue about which exam deserves the title of “first”.

Notice something? The big idea behind all of them is the one the Henry story gets right: measure knowledge, not connection. No eye service, no bribery, no grading by vibes: everyone gets the same questions under the same conditions. Every society that had to choose people for jobs or school places eventually landed on some form of exam. There was no single Henry. There was just a lot of people who needed a fair way to decide.

The Nigerian exam wahala (and Africa at large)

Fast forward to Nigeria today. Exams have become part of our DNA. From WAEC to JAMB, NECO, Post-UTME, and even professional exams like ICAN, students live in a constant cycle of reading, praying, and hoping the examiner has mercy.

1.94 millioncandidates sat the 2024 UTME, according to JAMB’s registrar. Pressure? E choke.
1.8 million+candidates were expected for the 2024 WASSCE across Nigeria, The Gambia, Sierra Leone and Liberia.

NECO still keeps students in the hall every June and July. And it isn’t only a Nigerian story:

Globally? Same gist, different name. No matter where you go, exams are a universal struggle.

Why do we still need exams?

We can hate exams all we want, but truth be told, they’ve helped shape education. Without exams, some of us would open our books only when NEPA takes light, teachers would still favour their pets, and progress would be based on vibes. Here’s why exams still matter:

Final thoughts

Exams are stressful, no doubt. They make us question our life choices. They make us cry into our pillows and make promises to God we know we won’t keep. But deep down, they push us to be better, learn harder, and stay sharp.

So next time you sit in the hall, chewing your biro and wondering why life is hard, just smile and say: “Whoever started this wahala, I still hate you small… but thank you sha.” 😂

Make the exam hall less scary

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Sources

  • Exam, Wikipedia: history of exams, imperial China and early European exams
  • Gazette NG: 1.94 million candidates sat the 2024 UTME
  • ThisDay: 1.8 million candidates expected for the 2024 WASSCE